Ukuvikelwa kombaniNgokwesipiliyoni esisebenzayo kanye nezinga lobunjiniyela bokuvikela umbani ekhaya naphesheya, uhlelo lokuvikela umbani lokwakha kufanele luvikele lonke uhlelo. Ukuvikelwa kwalo lonke uhlelo kuqukethe ukuvikelwa kombani wangaphandle kanye nokuvikelwa kombani wangaphakathi. Ukuvikelwa kombani kwangaphandle kuhlanganisa i-adaptha ye-flash, umugqa wokuhola ophansi kanye nesistimu yokumisa phansi. Ukuvikelwa kombani kwangaphakathi kuhlanganisa zonke izinyathelo ezengeziwe zokuvimbela imiphumela kagesi nekazibuthe yemisinga yombani endaweni evikelekile. Ngaphezu kwakho konke okungenhla, kukhona uxhumano lwe-equipotential lokuvikela umbani, okunciphisa umehluko ongaba khona obangelwa umbani omncane wamanje.Ngokwezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe zokuvikela umbani, indawo evikelekile ibhekisela ohlelweni lwesakhiwo oluvikelwe uhlelo lokuvikela umbani. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wokuvikela umbani ukunqamula umbani ngokuxhuma uhlelo lombani futhi ukhiphe umbani ohlelweni lomhlaba ngokudweba phansi uhlelo. Esimisweni esimisiwe, umbani uhlakazeka emhlabeni. Ukwengeza, iziphazamiso eziphikisayo, ezinamandla, kanye ne-inductive "okuhlanganisiwe" kufanele kwehliswe kube amanani angenabungozi endaweni evikelekile.EJalimane, i-DIN VDE 0185 Izingxenye 1 no-2, ezisebenza ekwakhiweni, ekwakhiweni, ekwandiseni nasekuvuseleleni izinhlelo zokuvikela umbani, zasetshenziswa kusukela ngo-1982. Nokho, leli zinga le-VDE alibandakanyi imithetho enemininingwane yokuthi izakhiwo kufanele zibe nezinhlelo zokuvikela umbani. . Izinqumo zingenziwa ngesisekelo seNational Building Regulations of the German Federal Army, imithetho kazwelonke neyendawo kanye namakhodi, izihloko kanye nemiyalelo yezinkampani zomshwalense, kanye nezinqumo mayelana nezinhlelo zokuvikela umbani zezindawo ezithengiswayo ze-German Federal Army zingaba. ezenziwe ngesisekelo izici zabo eziyingozi.Uma uhlelo lwesakhiwo noma isakhiwo kungadingeki ukuba sibe nesistimu yokuvikela umbani ngaphansi kweKhodi yesakhiwo kazwelonke, ngokuphelele kuMphathi Wezakhiwo, umnikazi noma umqhubi wokunquma ngesisekelo sesidingo sabo. Uma kwenziwa isinqumo sokufaka uhlelo lokuvikela umbani, kufanele senziwe ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso noma imithethonqubo ehambisanayo. Kodwa-ke, imithetho, izindinganiso noma imithethonqubo eyamukelwe njengonjiniyela icacisa kuphela izidingo ezincane ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwazo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, intuthuko emkhakheni wobunjiniyela kanye nokutholwe kwakamuva kwesayensi okuhlobene kubhalwa kumazinga amasha noma iziqondiso. Ngakho-ke, i-DIN VDE 0185 Izingxenye 1 no-2 okwamanje ezisebenzayo zibonisa kuphela izinga lobunjiniyela kusukela eminyakeni engaba ngu-20 edlule. Amasistimu okuphatha izinto zokwakha kanye nokucutshungulwa kwedatha ye-elekthronikhi kube nezinguquko ezinkulu kule minyaka engu-20 edlule. Ngakho-ke, ukwakha izinhlelo zokuvikela umbani ezakhiwe futhi zakhiwa ezingeni lobunjiniyela leminyaka engu-20 edlule azanele. Izibalo zomonakalo wenkampani yomshwalense ziqinisekisa ngokusobala leli qiniso. Kodwa-ke, okuhlangenwe nakho kwakamuva kakhulu ocwaningweni lombani nokwenza ubunjiniyela kubonakala kumazinga okuvikela umbani wamazwe ngamazwe. Ekumisweni kokuvikelwa kombani, i-IEC Technical Committee 81 (TC81) inegunya lamazwe ngamazwe, i-CENELEC's TC81X inegunya eYurophu (isifunda), kanti ikomiti laseJalimane le-Electrotechnical Committee (DKE) K251 linegunya likazwelonke. Isimo samanje nemisebenzi yesikhathi esizayo yomsebenzi wokumisa we-IEC kulo mkhakha. Nge-CENELEC, izinga le-IEC liguqulelwa ku-European Standard (ES) (kwesinye isikhathi lishintshiwe): isibonelo, i-IEC 61024-1 iguqulelwa ku-ENV 61024-1. Kodwa i-CENELEC nayo inamazinga ayo: EN 50164-1 kuya ku-EN 50164-1, isibonelo.•IEC 61024-1:190-03, "Ukuvikelwa Kombani Kwezakhiwo Ingxenye 1: Izimiso Ezijwayelekile", ezisebenza emhlabeni wonke kusukela ngo-March 1990.• Okusalungiswa kwe-European Standard ENV 61024-1:1995-01, "Ukuvikelwa kombani Kwezakhiwo - Ingxenye 1: Izimiso Ezijwayelekile", kusukela ngo-January 1995.• Izinga elisalungiswa (elihunyushelwe ezilimini zikazwelonke) lisavivinywa emazweni aseYurophu (cishe iminyaka emi-3). Isibonelo, izinga lokusalungiswa lishicilelwa eJalimane njenge-DIN V ENV 61024-1(VDE V 0185 Ingxenye 100)(nesengezo sikazwelonke)(Ukuvikelwa kombani kwezakhiwo Ingxenye 1, Izimiso Ezijwayelekile).• Ukucatshangelwa kokugcina yi-CENELEC ukuze kube yindinganiso ebophezelayo ye-EN 61024-1 yawo wonke amazwe ase-Europe• EJalimane, izinga lishicilelwe njenge-DIN EN 61024-1(VDE 0185 Ingxenye 100).Ngo-Agasti 1996, kwashicilelwa okusalungiswa okujwayelekile kwesiJalimane i-DIN V ENV 61024-1(VDE V0185 Part 100). Izinga lokusalungiswa noma i-DIN VDE 0185-1(VDE 0185 Ingxenye 1)1982-11 ingase yamukelwe phakathi nenkathi yenguquko ngaphambi kokuba kumenyezelwe izinga lokugcina.I-ENV 61024-1 yakhelwe kubuchwepheshe bakamuva ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwesakhiwo. Ngakho-ke, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuze uthole ukuvikelwa okuphumelelayo, kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-ENV61024-1, kuhlanganise ne-appendix kazwelonke. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, qala ukuqoqa ulwazi lokusetshenziswa kwaleli zinga laseYurophu elizoqala ukusebenza maduze.Izinyathelo zokuvikela umbani zezinhlelo ezikhethekile zizocatshangelwa ezingeni elingemva kwe-DIN VDE 0185-2(VDE0185 Ingxenye 2):1982-11. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, i-DIN VDE 0185-2(VDE 0185 Ingxenye 2):1982-11 ibilokhu isebenza. Amasistimu akhethekile angaphathwa ngokuya nge-ENV 61024-1, kodwa izidingo ezengeziwe ze-DIN VDE0185-2(VDE 0185 Ingxenye 2):1982-11 kufanele zicatshangelwe.Uhlelo lokuvikela umbani oluklanywe futhi lwafakwa ngokuhambisana nohlaka lwe-ENV 61024-1 lwenzelwe ukuvimbela ukulimala kwezakhiwo. Ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo, abantu bavikelekile futhi engozini yokulimala kwesakhiwo (isb. umlilo).Ukuvikelwa kwesakhiwo kanye namadivayisi esandiso sobunjiniyela kagesi nolwazi esakhiweni akukwazi ukuqinisekiswa kuphela ngezinyathelo zokuxhuma ezilinganayo zokuvikela umbani ze-ENV61024-1. Ikakhulukazi, ukuvikelwa kwezinto zobuchwepheshe bolwazi (ubuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana, ukulinganisa nokulawula, amanethiwekhi wekhompyutha, njll.) kudinga izinyathelo zokuvikela ezikhethekile ezisekelwe ku-IEC 61312-1:195-02, "I-Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse Protection Ingxenye 1: Izimiso Ezijwayelekile", njengoba i-voltage ephansi ivunyelwe. I-DIN VDE 0185-103(VDE 0185 Part 103), ehambisana ne-IEC 61312-1, ibilokhu isebenza kusukela ngoSepthemba 1997.Ingozi yomonakalo odalwe umbani ingahlolwa kusetshenziswa i-IEC61662; Okujwayelekile 1995-04 "Ukuhlolwa Kwengozi Yokulimala Okubangelwa Umbani" Okuchitshiyelwe 1:1996-05 kanye Nesithasiselo C "Izakhiwo Eziqukethe Amasistimu Kagesi".

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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-25-2023